Allies:

Saudi Arabia:

  • Bahrain maintains a strong and strategic alliance with Saudi Arabia, its closest neighbor and fellow member of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
  • The alliance between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia is rooted in historical, cultural, and religious ties, as well as mutual security interests and shared concerns about regional stability.
  • Saudi Arabia has provided political, economic, and military support to Bahrain, particularly during periods of unrest or security challenges, such as the 2011 Arab Spring protests.

United Arab Emirates (UAE):

  • Bahrain enjoys a close relationship with the United Arab Emirates (UAE), another key Gulf ally, based on shared security concerns, economic cooperation, and diplomatic ties.
  • Both countries collaborate on various issues, including defense, counterterrorism, and regional diplomacy, within the framework of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
  • The alliance between Bahrain and the UAE is reinforced by their shared opposition to common adversaries, such as Iran and Islamist extremism, as well as their support for stability and security in the Gulf region.

Neutral:

Iran:

  • Bahrain has tense relations with Iran, its neighbor across the Persian Gulf, due to historical grievances, sectarian tensions, and geopolitical rivalries.
  • Bahrain accuses Iran of interfering in its internal affairs and supporting opposition groups, such as Shia activists and militants, to undermine Bahrain’s government and stability.
  • Despite these tensions, Bahrain maintains diplomatic relations with Iran and seeks to manage their differences through dialogue, diplomatic channels, and regional cooperation mechanisms.

Enemies:

Opposition Groups and Dissidents:

  • Bahrain’s primary adversaries are domestic opposition groups and dissidents, particularly those advocating for political reform, human rights, and greater rights for the Shia majority population.
  • The Bahraini government has cracked down on dissent and opposition movements, arresting activists, journalists, and political figures, and suppressing protests and demonstrations.
  • Bahrain’s government views opposition groups and dissidents as threats to national security and stability, accusing them of being influenced by Iran or affiliated with terrorist organizations.