Allies:

Turkey (Government of National Accord – GNA):

  • Libya’s Government of National Accord (GNA), based in Tripoli, has formed a strategic alliance with Turkey, marked by military support, economic cooperation, and diplomatic backing.
  • Turkey has provided significant military assistance to the GNA, including weapons, drones, and military advisors, to counter the offensive launched by Khalifa Haftar’s Libyan National Army (LNA) and its allies.
  • The alliance between Turkey and the GNA is driven by shared interests in countering Haftar’s military campaign, promoting stability in Libya, and securing access to energy resources in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Qatar:

  • Qatar has also emerged as a key supporter of the GNA in Libya, providing political, financial, and diplomatic backing to the internationally recognized government.
  • Qatar’s support for the GNA aligns with its broader foreign policy objectives in the region, including promoting political Islam, countering Saudi and Emirati influence, and supporting Islamist-leaning governments and movements.
  • The alliance between Qatar and the GNA underscores their shared opposition to Haftar’s forces and their commitment to a political solution to the conflict in Libya.

Enemies:

Khalifa Haftar’s Libyan National Army (LNA):

  • The GNA views Khalifa Haftar’s Libyan National Army (LNA) and its affiliated militias as its primary adversaries in the ongoing conflict in Libya.
  • Haftar’s forces launched a military offensive in April 2019 to seize control of Tripoli and overthrow the GNA, leading to intense fighting and casualties on both sides.
  • The GNA accuses Haftar of seeking to establish a military dictatorship and undermining efforts to achieve a political settlement to the conflict. The GNA has called for Haftar’s forces to withdraw from areas they control and for international support to counter Haftar’s aggression.

Some Gulf States:

  • The GNA faces opposition from some Gulf states, including the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Egypt, which have provided military support and backing to Khalifa Haftar and his forces.
  • These Gulf states view Haftar as a bulwark against Islamist groups and political instability in Libya and have supported his efforts to seize control of the country’s capital, Tripoli.
  • The GNA accuses these Gulf states of interfering in Libya’s internal affairs, violating international law, and exacerbating the conflict by providing weapons, funding, and logistical support to Haftar’s forces. The GNA has called for an end to external interference and a return to dialogue to resolve the crisis.